Just when we needed more nuclear power most, 30 years ago today, the United States was traumatized by a partial meltdown of the Unit 2 reactor on Three Mile Island, Pennsylvania.
The nation had been reeling for six years from the Arab oil embargo that doubled gasoline prices overnight. As we considered expanding nuclear power as one path to energy independence, Hollywood released “The China Syndrome,” a movie in which an atomic plant accident threatened to contaminate “an area the size of Pennsylvania.”
The motion picture, with Jane Fonda, Jack Lemmon and Michael Douglas, was out less than two weeks before the TMI disaster, and though the incident killed no one directly and maybe one or two indirectly, fact and fiction conspired to raise fears that nuclear plants might not be safe enough for civilized society.
Then Chernobyl. That was the end of licensing new nuclear power plants in the U.S. If there was any doubt about it, the Soviet’s 1986 Chenobyl nuclear accident, which killed 56 firefighters and probably gave cancer to another 4,000 people exposed to radioactivity, would shut the door on atomic power. The Chernobyl plant was different from Western generators, but that didn’t matter.
So today, the United States finds itself in a deep economic recession that started with too many Americans trying to buy homes they could not afford and ended with oil and gasoline prices rising so high that all the debt came crashing down. Those gasoline prices might have been much more stable had we long ago provided enough cheap and CO2-free energy for large numbers of hybrid cars.
On March 28, 1979, the United States should have been planning a second 100 nuclear power plants for 1999 and 2009. Instead, we stalled at about 104 nuclear reactors providing 20 percent of our electricity.
The French model. Meanwhile, France went ahead with building nuclear plants that now provide 78 percent of its electricity. Belgium is 55 percent nuclear; Sweden, 52 percent; and Switzerland, 40 percent.
With nuclear power, France, Belgium, Sweden and Switzerland are all much better prepared for energy disruptions caused by gougers and despots. Thanks to TMI and its related irrationality, we’re not.
Frank Warner
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